So these are my guesses based on the principle that soap works by chemically attaching to stain molecules on one end and to water on the other end.
Glues, adhesives, expoxies... they're all substances that chemically attach two or more surfaces together.
In their experiment, Dr. Schwartz and Dr. Jenkins chemically attached fragments of proteins to the surface of spleen cells, and mixed them with T cells that they knew were genetically programmed to respond to those particular fragments.
Since plutonium tends to attach to bones chemically and has a strong tendency to emit high-energy particles which would then ionize anything nearby, I'd say that you'd have a problem if you encountered too much of it.
One method cells use to modulate the level of a gene's expression is chemically attaching a methyl group (-CH3) to cytosine residues in the DNA of a gene or in the regulatory regions surrounding it.
Ubiquitination is the process of chemically attaching ubiquitin monomers to a protein, thereby targeting it for degradation.
By chemically attaching technetium-99m to MDP, radioactivity can be transported and attached to bone via the hydroxyapatite for imaging.
And to increase the effectiveness, Dr. Weisz proposed adding to the mix sulfates, which chemically attach themselves to nearly any substance.
For instance, you might chemically attach some molecule to the ends of the nanotubes you're interested in.
Researchers at Enzon Inc., a biopharmaceutical company in South Plainfield, N.J., who developed the drug, solved the problem by chemically attaching strands of a polymer called polyethylene glycol to ADA purified from cow intestines.