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These specifications are all for a lower calorific value coal than standard South African.
With a lower calorific value than oil and gas it does not have the ease of use of a liquid or gaseous fuel.
The solid pricing outcomes, particularly at Berau, reflect the strength of demand for lower calorific value coals.
The Tapa deposit is not accounted as a reserve due to its lower calorific value, which makes its extraction economically inexpedient.
During the past year, Indian buyers have widened their search to include coal with a still lower calorific value, higher ash and even coal discard dumps at the mines. '
Despite this glorious past, it is now in an unfavourable position compared with hydrocarbons, being more polluting, having a lower calorific value, being less practical to transport and more bulky to stock.
Water gas had a lower calorific value than coal gas so the calorific value was often boosted by passing the gas through a heated retort into which oil was sprayed.
Shenhua, China's top coal producer which invested millions to develop massive coal mines in Inner Mongolia, produces vast amounts of lower calorific value thermal coal which is between 4,500-5,500 kcal/kg.
There were considerable problems with steaming with the low superheat boilers, primarily due to the lower calorific value of the hard coals used on the LMS, but the performance was vastly improved with new boilers.
Autogenous Sludge Drying is recommended for lower calorific value sludges, where there is insufficient energy to sustain the conversion process, or where there is no need or desire to store the oil for use as a fuel.
As a result, many analysts believe that the CSG producing companies will be forced to offer a discount on their LNG to account for CSG's lower calorific value, particularly in Japan, where a number of utilities have strict quality control standards.
Due to LPG having a lower calorific value than petrol or diesel, you will see a minimal reduction in MPG. However, due to the much lower cost of LPG, you will see a massive saving over petrol or diesel.