Blanche even provided numerous letters patent, bearing the seals of the barons who had sworn homage.

The younger son Casimir I retained the western part and in 1327 swore homage to the King of Bohemia, John of Luxembourg.

The castellan, Gerard de Camville, had also sworn homage to John and stated he would no longer recognize the chancellor's authority.

On 26 December, at Newcastle upon Tyne, King John swore homage to Edward I for the kingdom of Scotland.

"I think you know, if the roles were reversed I would have been proud to swear homage to you."

Alexander proved a strong-willed king who, despite the English influence in his youth, refused to swear homage for his kingdom.

The people who had sworn homage to the lord were known as vassals.

He swore homage on 9 July 1155 to the pope excepto contra Imperatorem-"except against the emperor."

Theobald managed to secure peace between the parties, saying that Foliot could not refuse to swear homage "to the prince approved by the papacy".

Mieszko eventually swore homage to King Wenceslaus II, although the exact date was still debatable; the most accepted date by historians was 11 August 1292.