anode rays

These are the anode rays.

The process by which anode rays are formed in a gas discharge anode ray tube is as follows.

It was found that in an electric field these anode rays bend in the opposite direction from cathode rays, toward a negatively charged plate.

He was an early investigator of discharge tubes, the discoverer of anode rays, and is sometimes credited with the discovery of the proton.

Goldstein called these positively charged anode rays "Kanalstrahlen"; the standard translation of this term into English is "canal rays".

In a 1922 article, he described a method for determining the ionization energy of a molecule using anode rays and demonstrated the method on mercury vapor.

In 1886, Eugen Goldstein discovered canal rays (also known as anode rays) and showed that they were positively charged particles (ions) produced from gases.

Later work on anode rays by Wilhelm Wien and J. J. Thomson led to the development of mass spectrometry.

In 1929 Kenneth Bainbridge completed his Ph.D. dissertation at Princeton working under Smyth, using anode rays to search for element 87.

He developed the Lummer-Gehrcke method in interferometry, he discovered anode rays, and he developed the multiplex interferometric spectroscope for precision resolution of spectral-line structures.

Goldstein's work with anode rays of H was apparently the first observation of the proton, although strictly speaking it might be argued that it was Wien who measured the e/m ratio of the proton and should be credited with its discovery.