misogynoir

Misogynoir has been cited by scholars to address black sexual politics in hip hop music and culture at large.

Bailey considered other words (including "sistagyny") before settling on misogynoir.

Bailey first used misogynoir to describe misogyny in music.

Discrimination, prejudice and unchecked fear aimed specifically at black women now has a name: misogynoir.

Bailey coined misogynoir in 2010 while she was a graduate student at Emory University.

Misogynoir is a term referring to misogyny directed towards Black women, where race and gender both play roles in bias.

On a more broader scale, misogynoir is also characterized by the tropes projected onto Black women by all members of society.

The concept of misogynoir has been accepted and used as a term by many black feminists and cultural critics, especially in the blogosphere.

Bailey first used the term "Misogynoir" in an essay entitled "They aren't talking about me...".

The term "transmisogynoir" was created to refer to the intersection between transmisogyny and misogynoir, meaning the oppression of black trans women.

Misogynoir combines "misogyny" and "noir" to describe anti-black sexism faced by black women.

Later he engaged in a Twitter exchange with @BlackGirlDanger where he defended his comments, which were called "misogynoir".

Misogynoir provides a racialised nuance that mainstream feminism wasn't catching," says black feminist commentator, Feminista Jones. "

Though misogynoir can be perpetrated by anyone, the term most often refers to the violence, mistreatment, and erasure experienced by Black women at the hands of Black men.

But misogynoir simply connects a new generation to the gap in the discourse on rights that abolitionist Sojourner Truth spoke of in her 1851 speech, Ain't I a Woman.

In 2013, an article by Bailey on misogynoir and gender oppression in hip-hop was published in Souls: A Critical Journal of Black Politics, Culture, and Society.

In October of the same year she launched the Italian version of the same concept, passeggiando, which treated specific topics such as Italian colonial history, Italian citizenship, and misogynoir.

Still, the term has spread to Britain, where most recently, writer Maya Goodfellow discussed misogynoir on the online platform Media Diversified, in reference to the abuse Diane Abbott has received since her appointment as shadow international development secretary.

In her article "4 Tired Tropes That Perfectly Explain What Misogynoir Is - And How You Can Stop It, author Kisiena Boom breaks down the most common tropes and why they are damaging."

They don't go to anybody from Hollaback or Stop Street Harassment [campaigns run by white women] ... they will say I'm a traitor and call me a tool for white supremacy ... just because I'm calling out their very targeted misogynoir.

In a forward to Michele Wallace's book Black Macho and the Myth of the Superwoman, Jamilah Lemieux wrote that misogynoir "can come even from those who are Black, who were raised by Black women and profess to value Black people."

Misogynoir may also explain how American actor Nancy Lee Grahn can praise Patricia Arquette for using her Oscar speech to speak out about gender inequalities, but ridicule Viola Davis for doing the same thing, saying to the former: "Use your win to champion women."

Unfortunately, there's no easy answer to the challenge of successfully combating misogynoir (racially informed sexism, specific to black women).