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A player who is considering an overcall must ask five questions.
An important case arises when an overcall is made at the level of two or higher.
They were actually helped by the overcall, which allowed them to avoid a heart contract.
But no one would lead a spade given North's overcall.
This made a heart overcall much less attractive, and South doubled.
There are two schools of thought about responding to an overcall when headed for game.
An overcall made after an opening bid and response by the opponents.
In view of East's overcall, it seemed likely that the heart finesse would lose.
This permitted him to make an overcall that a more careful player would not consider.
There are two ways that the overcall can be doubled for penalties.
An overcall of a natural opening at the one level does not promise 4 cards in a known suit.
West's overcall suggested that he held a high honor somewhere outside the club suit.
West's overcall had little to recommend it, and South took full advantage in playing six clubs.
West passed the one spade overcall because he had no convenient action.
The second situation occurs when an overcall is doubled negatively.
North's double of the overcall would normally be for penalties, but that has limited value.
Instead of the overcall, he should have contributed a takeout double.
At the same time, it is hoped that an overcall will serve other useful purposes.
Opposite a vulnerable overcall, North might have bid four hearts directly.
"Crackle has been sleeping an hour every period by the natural method," said Overcall.
West made a natural overcall, and North produced a negative double to show four spades.
The overcall is "sandwiched" between two hands that have each shown strength.
At unfavorable vulnerability, an overcall of one heart with the South hand is not recommended.
But South decided, in view of the overcall, that West was likely to hold the club queen.
South had an obvious overcall of one heart and was unlucky to suffer a disaster.