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Norway followed a similar pattern as Sweden, with its last wolf being killed in 1976, before becoming being protected and eventually recolonizing the area.
Snail dispersal both upstream and downstream within a stream system probably plays an important function in colonizing or recolonizing suitable habitat, particularly microhabitat protected from channel scour.
In sub-Saharan Africa, the caracal is common in parts of its range, especially in South Africa and southern Namibia where it is expanding into new, and recolonizing vacant, areas.
But the question arises: Could many cichlid species have survived the drying of Lake Victoria by hiding out in other lakes or rivers, recolonizing it when it formed again, which would make them much older than the lake itself?