sand encroachment

Here the annual rate of sand encroachment is which is in excess of the average annual rate of sand encroachment of (Khalaf 1989).

The loss of vegetation causes sand to move inland which is a process known as sand encroachment, this process can having damaging effects on inland properties and leaves properties vulnerable to future coastal hazards for example storm surge.

The real pioneer was A.A.Restall, the highly successful Forest Manager at Woodhill, who introduced machinery and processes that lifted the amount of planting to levels that turned the tide of sand encroachment at Woodhill.

In the Abdaly region of northern Kuwait there are some 156 farms which are separated by desert and thus exposed to sandstorms, where metal wind-breaks and shelter-belts have not prevented sand encroachment, largely as Al-Nakshabandi and El-Robee have suggested, due to poor management.