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Auditory subliminal stimuli are shown to have some effect on the participant, but not a large one.
Some studies show that subliminal stimuli can affect attitude.
The following sections have more information on specific studies in which the effectiveness of subliminal stimuli are investigated.
The length of presentation that causes chance performance on the forced choice task is used later in the study for the subliminal stimuli.
Researchers determine a threshold for the stimulus that will be used as the subliminal stimulus.
That subliminal stimulus is then presented during the study at some point and measures are taken to determine the effects of the stimulus.
The presentation of geometric figures as subliminal stimuli can result in below threshold discriminations.
Ringtone consists of audio recording mixed with subliminal stimuli.
The threshold in subliminal stimuli research is the level at which the participant is not aware of the stimulus being presented.
Subliminal stimuli have elicit significant emotional changes, but these changes are not valuable for a therapeutic effect.
The awe-fear scent grew stronger as they reacted to the subliminal stimulus of her pheromones.
There exist other factors which explain the conduct of the deceased independent of the subliminal stimuli."
Gamma waves are observed as neural synchrony from visual cues in both conscious and subliminal stimuli.
The methodology of the research also varies by the type of subliminal stimulus (auditory or visual) and the dependent variables they measure.
Visual subliminal stimuli has also been used to study emotion eliciting stimuli and simple geometric stimuli.
Borgeat et al. (1989) could show that long term effects of subliminal stimuli can still be observed on a physiological level 15 minutes after subliminal presentation.
A recent review of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies shows that subliminal stimuli activate specific regions of the brain despite participants being unaware.
In order to study the effects of subliminal stimuli, researchers will often prime the participants with specific visual stimuli, often images, and determine if those stimuli elicit different responses.
In the semantic priming task paradigm described by Wittenbrink et al. (1997), participants are shown a word prime at intervals which are too brief for reported awareness (see subliminal stimuli).
The episode Gary Takes a Bath of the Nickelodeon series SpongeBob SquarePants had a scene based on Subliminal Stimuli.
It is also reveals that Bart Allen got Jay's name, along the aliases "Barry Allen" and "Wally West", through a subliminal stimuli from the Speed Force.
Under their direction psychological researchers experimented with "subliminal stimuli", "cognitive control", assessment of primary process thinking, and altered states of consciousness (i.e. "sensory deprivation", "LSD", "REM sleep").
Modern scientific investigations into consciousness are based on psychological experiments (including, for example, the investigation of priming effects using subliminal stimuli), and on case studies of alterations in consciousness produced by trauma, illness, or drugs.
But the effects of these subliminal stimuli were only seen in one of the outcome measures of priming, while the effects of conscious stimuli were seen in multiple outcome measures.
Subliminal stimuli has mostly been studied in the context of emotion, in particular, researchers have focused a lot of attention to the perception of faces and how subliminal presentation to different facial expression affects emotion.