Andrew Sum, director of the Center for Labor Market Studies at Northeastern University, noted that in 1991, white-collar managers were unemployed longer, on average, than blue-collar workers.

A new study by Andrew Sum, director of the Center for Labor Market Studies at Northeastern University, found historic lows in the reported labor force participation of 16- to 19-year-olds.

"New York City's employment rate is always about 10 points below the rest of the state," said Andrew Sum, the center's director and the main author of the report released this month.

"Younger workers," said Andrew Sum, the center's director, "have just been crushed."

"If you had a nine-point drop for adults, you'd call it a depression," said Andrew Sum, director of the Center for Labor Market Studies at Northeastern University here.

Still, wages are not higher than in the rest of the country, said Andrew Sum, director of the Center for Labor Market studies at Northeastern University in Boston.

"The more you work today, the more you're going to work tomorrow," said Andrew Sum, director of the Center for Labor Market Studies.

Andrew Sum, the director of the center and lead author of the study, said he hoped his findings would spark a long-needed analysis of employment and immigration policies in the U.S.

Long Island slightly outpaces the national average in student hiring, said Andrew Sum, director of the Center for Labor Market Studies at Northeastern University in Boston.

Already New Hampshire has lost 10.7 percent of its jobs since 1989, said Andrew Sum, the director of the Center for Labor Market Studies at Northeastern University in Boston.