Simeon also learned the lesson of how vulnerable Bulgaria was to the northern tribes neighbouring his realm, when they were influenced by Byzantine diplomacy.

Nevertheless, Byzantine diplomacy, the treachery of Catholicos Petros and the young king's political mistakes led to the occupation of Ani by Byzantine troops in 1045.

Here the Byzantine diplomacy probably thought to use her as a political tool to impose on the Lombards a pro-Byzantine king, but nothing more is heard of her from the sources.

Byzantine diplomacy soon managed to draw its neighbours into a network of international and inter-state relations.

The first war between Bulgarians and Serbs occurred during the reign of Khan Presian between 839 and 842, precipitated by Byzantine diplomacy.

It was reconquered by the First Crusade through Byzantine diplomacy in 1097.

As for Albsuinda, the Byzantine diplomacy probably aimed to use her as a political tool to impose a pro-Byzantine king on the Lombards.

Byzantine diplomacy drew its neighbors into a network of international and interstate relations, controlled by the empire itself.

Another innovative principle of Byzantine diplomacy was effective interference in the internal affairs of other states.

By subverting the principles of Byzantine diplomacy and political culture, Symeon turned his own kingdom into a society-structuring factor in the nomadic world.