At low level, it was not uncommon for German crews to achieve three out of four hits.

In less than two minutes, the German crew began to abandon their vessel.

The German crew, which forced Germany's best eight, was in front all the time.

The German crew at the first gun, under attack from three directions, fled.

And there are several German crews who would agree, if they could speak.

The men established that the German crew had turned the single lavatory into a store room for food.

With the other eight German crew having been shot and killed while still in the sea, there were no survivors from U-27.

The last of the German crew was not returned until 1947.

German crews would be forced to fight all the way to London and back.

They allowed German crews to navigate effectively to their targets.