An iconic figure in Newark politics, Mr. James is also one of New Jersey's most powerful elected officials, a state senator who enjoys the support of the entire Democratic establishment.

Mr. James's announcement that he would relinquish the Senate seat that he has held since 1999 is arguably the end of an era in Newark politics.

"He came up in an era when ethnic politics pervaded Newark politics, which means that Sharpe James and his generation cohorts speak directly and almost exclusively to the black community."

Richard Thigpen, a veteran of Newark politics, said a standard get-out-the-vote strategy would not work this time around because the nonpartisan race features two high-profile Democrats.

"Newark politics are not famous for teamwork," Mr. Thigpen said.

Like other universities at that tumultuous time, Princeton had turned toward urban issues, and in 1969, Mr. Goldman wrote a study of Newark politics.

That does not mean everyone likes him, particularly those who have run against him over the last 30 years in the rough-and-tumble environment of Newark politics.

Acting with an alacrity seldom seen in Newark politics, the Municipal Council voted on March 1 to give $80 million to two private organizations which were incorporated that very day.

Mr. Curry grew up just a dozen miles from the rough-and-tumble world of Newark politics, in Summit.

"He really believes he can accomplish everything he talks about," said Carl Sharif, his campaign adviser, who has been working in Newark politics for decades.