To protect the integrity of their country, the Livonians now sought a union with the Polish-Lithuanian state.

More acute threat to the Polish-Lithuanian state came from Sweden.

The Polish leaders decided to retrieve as many of the territories that were parts of the Polish-Lithuanian state in 1772 as possible.

The internal political fight was influenced by the early Enlightenment ideology and the awareness of the deteriorated condition of the Polish-Lithuanian state.

During his reign, the Polish-Lithuanian state was the largest state in the Christian world.

The Polish-Lithuanian state had become an influential player in Europe and a vital cultural entity, spreading the Western culture eastward.

The Polish-Lithuanian state was dominated by the Russian Empire from the time of Peter the Great.

The first partition in 1772 did not directly threaten the stability of the Polish-Lithuanian state.

The Knights denounced the Polish-Lithuanian state as paganism in disguise and therefore illegitimate.

Among the plans proposed by the Entente was a creation of a Polish-Lithuanian state based on a cantonal system, with shared control over the disputed area.