But all too often, said Professor Reich, they have relied on cutting jobs rather than looking for other ways to pare costs.

So Professor Reich provides a glib answer, but not a reassuring one.

Professor Reich says it well enough, but after a lively start, the pictures of factories and classrooms begin to resemble industrial training films.

Indeed, the most important point, Professor Reich said, is that the development effort will take place in East Fishkill.

"I think they exaggerate the extent of what happened," said Professor Reich, who was not at the rally.

Professor Reich acknowledged the burden of the pressure from both sides.

"Big pharma has recognized that it has to think more positively about access for poor countries," Professor Reich said.

"We are of two minds as a nation," said Professor Reich of Harvard.

Looking across 19 airports, Professor Reich also found that lower turnover was associated with a greater likelihood of detecting security breaches.

"There is a different focus in the debate in Washington now," Professor Reich said.