Myōkōnin have been documented through Japanese history, from the Tokugawa Period to the modern period.

"From Civilizing to Expertizing Bureaucracy: Changing Educational Emphasis in Government-Supported Schools of Tokyo (Edo) during the Tokugawa Period and Early Meiji Era."

Although foreign trade was still encouraged, it was closely regulated, and by 1640 the exclusion and suppression of Christianity had become national policy (see Tokugawa Period, 1600-1867, this ch.; Religious and Philosophical Traditions, ch.

Literature during this time was written during the largely peaceful Tokugawa Period (commonly referred to as the Edo Period).

Itō Jinsai: A Philosopher, Educator and Sinologist of the Tokugawa Period.

His research publications prior to the Second World War included Peasant Uprisings in Japan of the Tokugawa Period and Japan Since 1931: Its Political and Social Development.

Yamamoto Akiko was a female samurai, or onna-bugeisha, from the early Tokugawa Period in Japanese history.

Mapping Early Modern Japan: Space, Place, and Culture in the Tokugawa Period.

There was a striking contrast with Japan, where Edo (Tokyo) had as many as 1 million inhabitants and the urban population comprised as much as 10% to 15% of the total during the Tokugawa Period (1600-1868).

For most of its history the area was never a single political entity, even during the Tokugawa Period, when the port was controlled directly by the Tokugawa Shogunate.