"The identification process - the way the photos were arranged and presented to the Treblinka survivors -violated the basic legal standards of identification," he asserted.

Understandably, no people were more upset than some of the five Treblinka survivors who went to the Israeli Supreme Court building yesterday.

But at his trial, five Treblinka survivors looked at him and said: No question - he is "Ivan."

Eliyahu Rosenberg, a Treblinka survivor who was one of the main prosecution witnesses, said later: "I am very moved.

In their accounts, there was no mention of Mr. Demjanjuk, who had been identified as "Ivan" at his 1988 trial by five Treblinka survivors.

Mr. Segev argued that the judges would not necessarily be insulting to the Treblinka survivors if they overturned the Demjanjuk conviction.

Five Treblinka survivors identified him in frequently emotional testimony.

The prosecutors held interviews with Treblinka survivors in Israel, showing them photographs that included the picture of Mr. Demjanjuk.

An Interview with Samuel Willenberg, Treblinka survivor.

One of his lawyers said that when investigators questioned 29 Treblinka survivors in the United States they were unable to identify him.