When this article describes Vietnamese living in Norway, it primarily means persons with two parents born in Vietnam.

There are also significant groups of Vietnamese living in Bergen, Kristiansand, and Trondheim.

Vietnamese living abroad, moreover, send back what by some estimates amounts to another $1 billion every year.

The number of ethnic Vietnamese living in France is estimated to be around 250,000 as of 2006.

They represent a significant portion of the two million or more Vietnamese living abroad, about half of whom are in the United States.

The Government also gives Vietnamese living abroad or their children a discount of more than 20 percent on the taxes it imposes on foreign investment.

Mr. Bui is not, however, the only Vietnamese living abroad who is making films in Vietnam today.

It seems probable that the great majority of the Vietnamese living at Pillar Point will almost certainly be resettled in English-speaking countries.

"It showed me that it was possible to make films as a Vietnamese living in France," he said.

In August 1968, Voice of Vietnam commenced shortwave broadcasts for Vietnamese living abroad.