Thus, it is clear that adoption of economic reforms in the first place and then its reversal or sustenance is a function of certain factors, presence or absence of which will determine the outcome.

For gravitational fields, the absence or presence of tidal forces determines whether or not the influence of gravity can be eliminated by choosing a freely falling reference frame.

Similarly, the absence or presence of curvature determines whether or not a surface is equivalent to a plane.

The presence or absence of this character in man and his society determined if his society was free or slavish.

A central Bush argument is that in the absence of fraud, legislators, not judges, determine how electors are selected.

The presence or absence of O chains determines whether the LPS is considered rough or smooth.

The presence or absence of the four dominant minerals, orthoclase, plagioclase, biotite and hornblende, determines the species.

The presence or absence of a target molecule determines whether the siRNA downregulates gene expression.