This call also serves as appeasement between individuals in aggressive encounters.

In one study, less than 5 per cent of the aggressive encounters involved the goats touching each other.

Most aggressive encounters serve more to confirm the existing social hierarchy than to change it.

The advertising call is social in nature, made when returning to the colony and during aggressive encounters between individuals.

Scent marking is known to occur during aggressive encounters.

Winners of aggressive encounters appear to be the most active ones.

But she said her serenity was quickly shattered through a series of aggressive encounters before the night was over.

Compared to brown bear attacks, aggressive encounters with black bears rarely lead to serious injury.

In this situation, the ranks established by aggressive encounters come into play.