Mr. de Klerk had said his party, which ruled South Africa during apartheid, had never authorized killings to combat anti-apartheid forces.

As an apartheid state, South Africa often worked to destabilize neighboring countries it believed to be too friendly to anti-apartheid or Communist forces.

The white Government's atrocities were far more widespread and severe than those of the anti-apartheid forces, who turned to armed struggle only after the A.N.C. was banned.

The Bush Administration has made some gestures indicating that it is more sympathetic to anti-apartheid forces than was the Reagan Administration.

"We are considering the question of pooling our resources with all anti-apartheid forces," Mr. Mandela said Thursday.

Even when they have steamrollered the anti-apartheid forces, they have to go on outlawing, banning, detaining.

With legislative elections six days away, the South African Government's confrontation with anti-apartheid forces sharpened today.

Those countries who are fully committed to assisting the anti-apartheid forces in this country are our friends," he said.

The need, he said, was "to unite all the anti-apartheid forces in the country" to win "basic human rights.

They declared that the 'only way to defeat apartheid is by broadening the base of anti-apartheid forces'.