It also has an astringent effect which can tighten skin, making wrinkles less noticeable.

Grape leaf might reduce inflammation and have astringent effects.

The dried roots do not have this astringent effect.

The liquid has an astringent effect.

It also has an astringent effect on the stomach, and among teas is high in caffeine.

The catechu mixture is high in natural vegetable tannins (which accounts for its astringent effect), and may be used for the tanning of animal hides.

Aluminium salts also have a slight astringent effect on the pores; causing them to contract, further preventing sweat from reaching the surface of the skin.

However, the leaves have an astringent effect, making it an effective anti-inflammatory and anti-cramping herb.

The latter contains grapefruit extract which maintains an acid pH on the skin's surface and has a mildly astringent effect on open pores.

A. millefolium has seen historical use as a medicine, often because of its astringent effects.