They winter in South America and breed along the coasts of New Jersey and New York.
The central group is believed to breed in western Siberia, especially along the Ob River.
In addition there are 300,000 birds that breed along the flight path.
Until 1939 up to 12, but more usually about seven, pairs bred along the 15 miles of chalk cliffs.
A few cormorants and fulmars breed along the coast where stonechats and rock pipits can also be spotted.
The infection is transmitted by black flies, which breed along the banks of rapidly flowing rivers and streams.
Many types of turtles are found in the Silver River, while ospreys and anhingas breed along its banks.
Pairs breeding along acidic streams laid their eggs slightly later, laid fewer, lighter eggs and fed their chicks less often.
There are fewer than 1,500 pairs in all, breeding along the Atlantic Coast from Newfoundland to North Carolina.
Many rare shorebirds breed here along the beaches.