Measles virus spreads in rat hippocampal neurons by cell-to-cell contact and in a polarized fashion.

The prevailing mechanism of IL-15 action seems to be juxtacrine signaling or also determined as cell-to-cell contact.

Bacterial conjugation, a process in which a bacterial cell transfers genetic material to another cell by cell-to-cell contact.

Because most ligands are also transmembrane proteins, the receptor is normally triggered only from direct cell-to-cell contact.

This leads to cell fusion since PEG induces cell agglutination and cell-to-cell contact.

In vitro experiments have given mixed results regarding the requirement of cell-to-cell contact with the cell being suppressed.

This particular motif suggests that it may increase cell-to-cell contact in cells which express TIG1 (Jing et al., 2002).

The antibodies are soluble and do not require direct cell-to-cell contact between the pathogen and the B-cell to function.

Conjugation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer, as are transformation and transduction, though these two other mechanisms do not involve cell-to-cell contact.

Once infected, the virus can spread by cell-to-cell contact, bypassing receptors.