A charged particle, also called an ion, is an atom with a positive or negative charge.
Instead, virtual photons can transfer momentum between two charged particles.
Let a fast charged particle penetrate through this overheated liquid.
Furthermore it will also leave behind an electron hole that can flow as current exactly like a physical charged particle.
First, any charged particle that moves as a result of a difference in electric potential can "carry" current.
In particular, the force law between charged particles is affected.
Consequently, there are no charged particles flowing through the gas, and the light goes out.
There had been massive solar explosions, leading to the necessary charged particles in the earth's magnetic field.
The Lorentz force acts on any charged particle in an electromagnetic field.
The mundane speed difference between charged particles and field quanta is on the order of one to a million, more or less.