Policies that require the costs to be paid by the parents yield lower neonatal circumcision rates.

Now, circumcision rates for black and white infants are about the same.

Newborn circumcision rates, however, have continued to vary greatly by geographic region.

In the Northeast, the circumcision rates in 1980 compared to 1999 were about the same - 67 percent and 66 percent, respectively.

However, strong regional differences in the circumcision rates have developed during this time.

The authors suggested possible reasons for this, including access to health care, differences in neonatal circumcision rates, and climate differences.

In 1994/95, the newborn circumcision rate in Ontario was 299.1 per thousand or 29.9%.

A survey of Canadian maternity practices conducted in 2006/2007 by the national public health agency found a newborn circumcision rate of 31.9%.

Another study, published in early 2009, found a difference in the neonatal male circumcision rate of 24% between states with and without Medicaid coverage.

This corresponds to a cumulative national circumcision rate of around 1.6% by the age of 15 years.