Other devices employed include the spica cast, particularly following surgical closed reduction, open reduction, or osteotomy in babies and young children.

A fracture with mild angulation and displacement may require closed reduction.

A leg or wrist, for instance, has no such structure to help with a closed reduction.

The closed reduction is explained above.

Only 27% - 32% of fractures are in acceptable alignment 5 weeks after closed reduction.

Ultimately, the fractures that have a closed reduction may return to the position before the reduction is attempted.

In cases where closed reduction is not successful, surgical open reduction may be needed.

Conservative surgery consists of closed reduction with percutaneous fixation.

However, in skeletally immature patients such as children, the fracture is typically treated with closed reduction.

He developed a technique based on closed reduction with guided percutaneous pin placement.