The government compensated former owners of serfs by issuing them bonds.
Agencies at all levels routinely compensate owners for land formally condemned for such public projects as highways and parks.
How to compensate new owners and senior managers of a corporations properly is a related concern.
In one instance the firm tried to claim unpaid legal fees through the government scheme set up to compensate owners after abolition.
The authority can carry out the project under the governmental power of eminent domain as long as it compensates owners.
Like bonds, preferred shares compensate owners with scheduled payments which resemble interest.
The bill, which would have compensated current owners for their cash investments, passed Commons in 1871 but was blocked by the House of Lords.
The commission said each company would work out a different way of compensating owners and drivers.
The government frequently makes use of its universal land ownership rights to seize and destroy private homes, sometimes several thousand at a time, without compensating owners fairly.
South Carolina courts have upheld the law, but judges have ruled that the state must compensate owners for the loss of their property.