But his most daring and controversial efforts have been with subjects outside his own sphere.
Today, there is a controversial effort to stock the lake with yellow walleye.
The final bill, while imperfect, vindicates his tireless, often controversial efforts.
The controversial effort to secede was dropped later that year.
This controversial effort survived a ballot challenge last year, when an unexpectedly high 71 percent endorsed it.
For instance, reform-oriented Jews made controversial efforts to reject circumcision and alter prayer services.
New York education officials are two years behind schedule in their controversial effort to rewrite the state's history curriculum to better reflect the contributions of minorities.
California is set to begin spraying insecticide in a controversial effort to save the state's $18-billion-a-year agriculture industry from the Mediterranean fruit fly.
And he had the advantage of a Democratic machine that has been credited for innovative, though controversial, get-out-the-vote efforts.
His view of how to promote the city as a cultural mecca promised to be the most controversial effort.