Hence increased degradation of bogeys by wheel wear-out is a cost disadvantage for the system.
Governments sometimes responded by promptly devaluing the currency to offset the cost disadvantage of the wage increases.
This difference adds up to an important cost disadvantage for the Big Three as they fight to regain market share.
"We were at a cost disadvantage competing with them, and we could never reproduce what they had," he said.
West German industry argues that current wage and benefit levels already put it at a cost disadvantage.
It is possible for this to be done by direct contact between the ultimate borrowers, but there are major cost disadvantages of direct finance.
Mr. Maatman's strategy has been to try to compensate for that cost disadvantage by selecting customers who make relatively few claims.
None of them want to be at a cost disadvantage to rivals.
Maybe Premium will match the audio quality, but then Spotify is at a cost disadvantage.
Typically ice plants first took hold in more distant locations where natural ice was at a cost disadvantage.