For instance, current smoking was higher among men at 23.9% than women at 18.1%.

This method, known as the 'bogus pipeline' technique, is reported to improve the accuracy of self reported current smoking.

Roughly half of periodontitis or inflammation around the teeth cases are attributed to current or former smoking.

A substantial proportion reported ever smoking cigarettes (43%), with fewer indicating current smoking (7%).

Our findings differ from previous studies that found female gender and current smoking as risk factors for asthma hospitalization [ 9, 39].

Female patients were less likely to report past or current smoking than were female control individuals.

This differential mortality could have resulted in an underestimation of the association between current smoking and RA.

This was significantly associated with current smoking and ethnic origin (North African).

It is equally important to question the patient on current and previous smoking, chewing and alcohol consumption.

The differences in the risk estimates for current smoking and past smoking may appear counter-intuitive.