A debtor who's not a lawyer can file his own petition, though you'll never see this advertised anywhere.
Once a bankruptcy case is filed a debtor must file a motion in court and obtain a court order to redeem the property.
If the debtor does not file an objection, or after the objection has been validly dismissed by the courts, the creditor may request execution proceedings to be initiated.
The creditor's primary incentive is to recover funds that would otherwise be lost if the debtor filed for bankruptcy.
At any time after the expiration of the exclusive period under which only the debtor can file a reorganization plan (usually 120 days), anyone can file such a plan.
In the United States, a debtor can file a Chapter 13 Wager Earner Plan.
With involuntary bankruptcy, creditors, rather than the debtor, file the petition in bankruptcy.
In some cases the debtor simply cannot file under Chapter 13, as he or she lacks the disposable income necessary to fund a viable Chapter 13 plan (see below).
Prior to the BAPCPA Amendments, debtors of all incomes could file for bankruptcy under Chapter 7.
BAPCPA did not change the rule for the waiting period if the debtor filed a chapter 13 previously.