As Ms. Fales-Hill suggests, many blacks have chosen to stick with and support their own society events after years of being denied access to white clubs and institutions.

The boycott is driven by two petitions, one calling on the European Union to deny grants to Israeli researchers and institutions, and the other demanding an end to scientific cooperation with Israeli institutions.

Opponents of the Bill argued that the Obama Administration is right to deny funds to religious institutions; this argument was often made on First Amendment grounds.

Specifically, the rule denied federal funding to institutions that did not allow workers to refuse care that went against their beliefs.

In June 2000, Justice Clarence Thomas, writing for himself and three other justices, expressed second thoughts about denying tax-free financing to institutions based on how religious they were.

Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Democrat of New York, introduced a measure to repeal the limit by saying that its practical effect was "to deny tax-exempt financing to large, private, research-oriented educational institutions."

The law gives financial regulators broad authority to deny a wide range of permits to institutions that do not lend enough money in their communities.

The Grove City bill denied Federal funds to institutions that discriminate.

But as a part of Yugoslavia and under international sanctions, Montenegro is still denied access to institutions like the World Bank and International Monetary Fund, which could provide loans, advice and oversight.

The inside spin: Non-Orthodox Jews in the United States are furious at Netanyahu's collaboration with Orthodox Jews in Israel who are denying state recognition to non-Orthodox institutions.