Secondly, the citizen body excluded foreigners who lived and worked in Athens, the metics.
The new Russian oil companies emerged in the mid-1990's, when the government divided the sprawling industry among influential executives through insider deals that excluded foreigners.
Demokratia excluded women, foreigners, and slaves.
Thus, in such societies, people may have rights of temporary use, rights to exclude foreigners, rights to claim something if they particularly need it.
That list excludes foreigners from entering the country if they are believed to have participated in religious or racial persecution.
Guilds were also monopolistic, in that they tried to exclude foreigners from membership and early exhibited a trend towards hereditary membership.
Both have been available chiefly to members of Japan's "press clubs," which exclude foreigners.
(Danish language in the army 1773 and especially the Act of Citizenship 1776 that excluded foreigners from public posts of the monarchy).
Korea, at that time, sought to exclude all strangers or foreigners.
The following year new laws were introduced forbidding criticism of the government and excluding foreigners from editing Japanese-language newspapers.