Republicans say it provides checks on the Administration's foreign policy-making and will serve as a blueprint when Congress drafts foreign aid and military spending bills later this year.

He sees the current version as related to images of American foreign policy-making as unrestrained by international institutions or world opinion.

But the picture he paints of general foreign policy-making under the Reagan presidency is disquieting.

The presents the most thorough exploration to date of how World War II analogies, particularly those focused on the Holocaust, have colored American foreign policy-making after 9/11.

This, in turn, requires a mutual moratorium on each side's demonization of the other side, disallowing the incendiary rhetoric that supplants prudent foreign policy-making.

Now, Mr. Schneider observed, we are seeing "a post-Vietnam syndrome in foreign policy-making."

It's whether foreign policy-making without accountability (and a frequent accompaniment, self-promotional ego-tripping) in the office of the national security adviser is to continue to be sanctioned, as has been the trend for 25 years.

Mr. Rubin's dominance of the Mexico debate accelerated the shift of foreign policy-making to the Treasury from the State Department.

Anglo-Japanese relations, 1939-1941: the influence of diplomats on foreign policy-making.

Holbrooke was kept away from the issue and on the periphery of foreign policy-making in general.