Islam does not require its prayer leaders to have a formal degree of learning in religion.

He studied music, but has no formal degree in it.

An obstacle was his lack of a formal degree of higher education.

This rate is even higher for those who have formal degrees and live in the urban area.

A graduate student can be recruited as an Assistant (teacher) without having any formal academic degree.

It is not considered a formal degree but an additional academic qualification.

He does not have a formal degree in business or economics.

Not having a formal degree, de Barros is self taught.

Lacking a formal degree, her expertise in this field of work was formidable.

Honda calls many members of the latter group "engineers," though they lack formal degrees.