Two notes separated by the same number of steps always have exactly the same frequency ratio.

The frequency ratios are computed as shown by the formulas.

For example, in just intonation the major third is represented by the frequency ratio 5:4.

The frequency ratio is two raised to this power.

For example, any two notes an octave apart have a frequency ratio of 2:1.

It is expressed by the frequency ratio 531441:524288 (23.5 cents).

In equally tempered scales, the difference is eliminated by making all steps the same frequency ratio.

T are a special case of Lissajous curves with frequency ratio equal to n.

In modern tuning a half step has a frequency ratio of , approximately 1.059.

So 1200 cents are equal to one octave - a frequency ratio of 2:1.