A gain may sometimes occur when you least expect it.

The gains occurred as 23,000 more students who are members of minority groups took the test this year.

The order in which the loss and gain occurs does not affect the result.

Indeed, a recent study found that the biggest gains among the top 1 percent occurred immediately after rates dropped in 1986.

When class size was small, significant gains occurred, particularly for minority youths.

The evidence surveyed above, however, suggests that such gains would not occur.

Its top gain occurred less than three weeks ago when the average spiked 69.89 points on April 3.

The gains to the minority occur with little costs to the majority, again as the theory predicts.

According to the formula, on average a one-day gain or loss of 22.6 percent occurs once every 75 years.

Similar, more modest gains have occurred among skilled production and craft workers.