The Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory is a research facility for future geological disposal of spent nuclear fuel.

Provision for geological time-span disposal is not needed.

There exist cheaper and reasonably safe waste management concepts, such as the long-term geological disposal or transmutation in fast-neutron reactors.

It allows the in situ characterization of this clay layer presently studied as a reference host formation for the geological disposal of nuclear waste.

Its main recommendation was that geological disposal should be adopted.

This offers a potentially more attractive alternative to deep geological disposal.

Mobility in soil is relatively low, so that geological disposal may be an adequate solution.

The specific programme provides for EUR 90 million to be used for research on geological disposal and the development of concepts to produce less waste.

This classification also determines whether it will undergo near-surface or deep geological disposal.

The first is the need to envisage concepts and technical solutions for final disposal, in particular deep geological disposal.