Of course, deconversion from a co-op to a rental building also results in shareholders losing their equity.
As a result, foreign investors are no less spooked than they were in the 1890's, and American shareholders have flipped from euphoria to gloom.
They say higher marketing spending brings in shareholders, and as funds grow, costs drop because expenses are spread over a bigger base.
However the only reform introduced after the 1979 election was that directors owed a duty to act in shareholders' and employees' interests alike.
In fact the only jobs the Emiratees seem to hold are in government, banks or shareholders in business.
The lack of transparency was also pointed out, in particular by company's minority shareholders.
But there are a massive number of companies that have no interest in rewarding shareholders.
His efforts often resulted in big profits for the Mutual Series funds, as well as other shareholders.
He also invited in outside shareholders, who put up $10 million.
Insurance proceeds can also be used to fund buy-out obligations in shareholders' or partnership agreements.