The bride, 32, is an independent urban planner in Incline Village.

The bride's father is an independent financial planner in New York.

His father is an independent financial planner in Chicago.

In addition, many independent financial planners focus on middle-income investors and charge hourly fees.

Her father is an independent financial planner in Hingham, Mass.

Because big investment companies can bundle their advice with other services, these firms would presumably charge less than independent financial planners.

Her father is an independent financial planner in New York.

American Skandia is the country's largest distributor of variable annuities through independent financial planners.

His father is an independent environmental planner in Guilford.

But Mr. Stein, an independent financial planner, apparently did not.