Undercover operations, by their very nature, involve deception and ethically questionable tactics.
Later operations, as the march got underway, did involve deliberate deception.
In the biological world, mimicry involves unconscious deception by similarity to another organism, or to a natural object.
Some methodologies in social research, especially in psychology involve deception.
There were so many truths they simply could not be allowed to know, any discussion with them always involved evasion and deception.
Research involving deception is controversial given the requirement for informed consent.
"Strategy involves deception and with Pellig nobody is going to be deceived."
That's because, unlike chess, poker involves deception, cheating really.
These cases involve deliberate deception by the woman:
In some cases, the need for a quick divorce stems from the prospect of marrying a citizen, but this can involve deception, too.