Therefore, hepatorenal syndrome may be referred as a "functional" form of kidney impairment.

The warning is targeted at patients who already suffer from kidney impairment.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, the skin and the respiratory tract and may have effects on the kidneys, resulting in kidney impairment.

The brain is not affected pathologically, but there may be lung and, rarely, kidney impairment.

Older patients with kidney impairment are at heightened risk of kidney failure.

Two dozen cases of kidney impairment or failure, including five deaths, were reported in a safety review published in January 2009.

Patients should be monitored before taking the drug for underlying kidney impairment as well as for dehydration.

Rhabdomyolysis complicated by acute kidney impairment in patients with traumatic injury may have a mortality rate of 20%.

People with mild kidney impairment are usually advised to ensure full hydration for several hours before and after the injection.

Laboratory tests are generally conducted when the patient presents signs and symptoms that may be characteristic of kidney impairment.