Note that the derivatives here are linear transformation and not numbers.
In general, the action of a linear transformation may be quite complex.
This is due to a negative sign in the linear transformation between them.
However in summary, a linear transformation can just be thought of as a matrix.
The binomial transform is another linear transformation of a still more general type.
Coding is a simple linear transformation of the original measurement scale.
Since the cross product is a linear transformation, it can be represented as a matrix.
The family of normal distributions is closed under linear transformations.
However, the set of nearest-neighbours can be quite different after passing all the points through a linear transformation.
The effect of convolution can be expressed as a linear transformation.