The resolution also calls for linking American aid to Russia to its observance of religious freedoms.

He proposes linking economic aid for single men to responsible fatherhood; and starting a universal, government-financed 401(k) program.

The West needs to link aid to solid improvements in governance.

Concern was expressed that Western donors might link aid to political reform.

Further disrupting the economic relations between the two countries were efforts in Congress to link non-humanitarian aid to Vietnam's human rights record.

Mr. Bush also linked foreign aid to the eradication of terrorism, at least as a prescription to help "failed states" that harbor terrorists.

But none of the parties to the conference are willing to link aid for Russia to its cooperation on the Balkans.

"I went to Washington to challenge the soft bigotry of low expectations," he said, referring to the law's effort to link federal aid to student performance.

The U.S. largely abandoned this practice 20 years ago because linking aid to exports isn't good for recipient countries or fair trade.

I believe that a European policy has to link aid, respect for human rights, trade policy with Africa and immigration.