If the drug, such as alcohol, is particularly damaging to the brain, it may add to the long-term psychological harm.
Many knowledgeable Italians say this could inflict long-term harm on the country.
That would lead to somewhat higher interest rates, less saving and investment and some long-term harm to the economy, they say.
"But there is no scientific evidence that reading in the dark does any long-term harm to your eyes," Gans says.
Nor did the courts in either case call for balancing immediate benefits against hypothetical long-term harm.
I'm sure he thought it was unpleasant, but there wasn't supposed to be any long-term harm.
Child sexual abuse does not necessarily lead to long-term harm.
These groups of people claim to have suffered serious long-term harm to their health from using fluoroquinolones.
Young people's bones are not fully developed and may be at greater risk of long-term harm.
But even though they are very painful, cluster headaches don't cause long-term harm.