It aimed to compete with Southwest and other low-cost competitors but has been a disappointment.

United faces such low-cost competitors on about 20 percent of its routes.

To many Western companies, China is the future, either as a huge potential customer or a looming low-cost competitor.

At the same time, new low-cost competitors entered the market, particularly from Asia.

Still, he said, American companies must continue to explore the technological frontier to avoid losing markets to low-cost foreign competitors.

But as Southwest and its low-cost competitors continue expanding, some fares that today seem very high will decline.

They also need more financial firepower to cut prices and keep up with low-cost competitors overseas.

In that first year, she has already had to deal with low-cost competitors wielding words and lawsuits.

These are poor countries that think that they can make money as low-cost competitors in the European market.

We do not believe that Europe has a future as a low-cost competitor.