In some years, males and younger females remain at lower latitudes during the summer months.

A male only remains at the same nest when paired with a female.

An adult male may remain in a one-male group for 45 months.

When only the most dominant male remains, the female will stop and allow copulation.

At about two years, the female siblings leave the group, and the young males remain together for life.

After laying their eggs, the females leave while the males remain to guard them.

Adult males mainly remain alone, and often spend time with females for an hour to a week.

However, the longer the male remains with an individual female, the smaller chance he has of finding other mates.

The male remains in the brood site awaiting a female.

Many males do not go far and remain in the lower reaches.