The situation is apparently different in mammals, in which Tlr4 is clearly a direct interface with the microbial world.
In the microbial world, where only the fittest survive, some germs inevitably stumble upon genetic mutations that protect them from the drugs.
"The adaptive potential of the microbial world is such that for each new antibiotic that is introduced, several escape mechanisms are soon devised."
Better education about hygiene and beneficial microbes can help foster healthier attitudes toward the microbial world.
The microbial world established the biosphere and sustains it.
The microbial world contains a detailed record of human evolutionary history, he said.
The sheer dominance of the microbial world was ignored, even though there were many clues to its existence.
People are beginning to pay attention to the microbial world, but Dr. Woese objects to the direction of the research.
Note that transient engulfment of prokaryotic cells by larger cells is not uncommon in the microbial world.
I've got to be one of his top fans in the microbial world.