Note: Since the 1980s, anthracite refuse or mine waste has been used for fossil fuel power plant.
A perpetual worry is where to put all the mine's waste - accumulating at a rate of some 700,000 tons a day.
It involves piping treated mine waste into the ocean.
In the town of Wittenoom, asbestos-containing mine waste was used to cover schoolyards and playgrounds.
It would be more honest, if politically embarrassing, he said, to admit that cleaning old mine waste was in effect a tax on the companies.
From 1985 to 2000, more than a dozen reservoirs containing cyanide-laden mine waste collapsed, the United Nations Environment Program reported.
Since the 1980s, anthracite refuse or mine waste has been used for steam electric power generation.
A typical source of such aggregates is metalliferous mine waste.
Judging by the midweek traffic in August, it is hard to imagine hordes of people detouring off the road to Yellowstone to picnic next to heaps of black mine waste.